Can a credit card company take my school loan money in a court hearing?

They can't take your loan but they can levy your personal bank account and if you deposit in your bank account they can take the money, they wouldn't know or care where the money came from, just that it was in your account. Basically what happens is they get a judgment and then they can come after you later when you get a job.

That should be protected funds. You need to show where that money comes from so that they can't take it.

No.